Ion exchanges - Import export

The positive or negative ions fixed on these radicals are replaced by ions of the same sign in the liquid solution in contact with them.

Recently a new deionization technology, the continuous electro-deionization has been developed, which is a combination of electro-dialysis and ion exchange. It is obtained by a process, which deionized water while the resins are continuously regenerated by means of the electric current inside the unit. This electrochemical regeneration replaces the traditional chemical regeneration of ion exchange systems. The electro-deionization module must be supplied with pre-treated water with reverse osmosis: By combining these two techniques is obtained ultrapure water (0.1-0.2 mS / cm), starting from the drinking water.

Ionic exchange polymers, when in touch with a solution containing salt compounds (i.e. ions), exchange certain ions with other ions having the same electric charge. In particular, potassium ions can be exchanged with hydrogen ions which will create a new tartaric acid molecule. Moreover, other ions, such as calcium, iron and copper, are partially exchanged. This treatment lowers the pH giving added protection against bacterial attacks (for example rettanomyces) which could generate anomalous fermentations.